gamma-aminobutyric acid（γ-aminobutyric acid，GABA) is a naturally occurring non-protein amino acid, which is a neuroinhibitory amino acid. It has the physiological effects of sedation, hypnosis, anti-convulsion and lowering blood pressure. As a functional raw material, it is widely used in medicine, health care products, feed, food, cosmetics, and other fields. In recent years, γ-aminobutyric acid has been gradually applied to agriculture, especially to promote growth under adverse conditions.

-- FDA approved γ-aminobutyric acid as a recognized safety food additive.

-In 2009, the Ministry of Health of my country approved the biosynthetic γ-aminobutyric acid as a new resource food [Ministry of Health 2009 No. 12].

【GABA and stress relaxation and immune enhancement】GABA can act as an effective natural relaxant, and its effects are seen within 1 hour after taking it, inducing relaxation and reducing anxiety. In addition, GABA administration can enhance immunity in stressful conditions.

【GABA is a neurotransmitter】In the central nervous system, approximately 20-50% of synapses use GABA as a neurotransmitter in both fast and slow inhibitory synaptic transmission.

【GABA and Mental Disorders】GABAA and GABAB receptors are involved in the regulation of various physiological activities related to anxiety and depression in the brain mechanism, such as sleep, memory, epilepsy and various emotions.

【GABA and neurodegenerative diseases】GABA is a key neurotransmitter that is also involved in brain development. Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease are associated with the GABA signaling pathway. In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, patients exhibit non-motor symptoms such as decreased sense of smell, depression, various gastrointestinal and other systemic features that are associated with GABA deficiency.

【GABA in Circadian Rhythm】The balance between GABA stimulation or inhibition of neurons can alter the circadian master clock.

【GABA in Pain Perception】Lack of GABA inhibitory neurotransmission is responsible for much of the pain.

【The Role of GABA in Sleep and Insomnia】Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have found reduced GABA in the brains of patients with primary insomnia.

【GABA and epilepsy】SLC6A1 is a GABA transporter, and mutations in this transporter cause epilepsy with myoclonic-tension seizures. Transplantation of GABA-synthesizing cells can control epilepsy.

【GABA and Reproduction】GABA signaling plays an important role in gonadal cell neuromodulation.

The preparation methods of γ-aminobutyric acid mainly include chemical synthesis, microbial fermentation and biological transformation.

The application of γ-aminobutyric acid in the food field began in the 1980 s. In Japan, this raw material has been added to more than 1000 kinds of food and is the largest raw material for bioactive substances. Among the new resource foods approved by the Ministry of Health of my country, γ-aminobutyric acid can be used in the production of beverages, candies, chocolates and other foods, and the amount of daily eclipse does not exceed 500mg/day.

▼ γ-aminobutyric acid ranks NO in Japan's raw material application ranking. 1

Source: Food Business Network

References

[1] Rashmi D, Zanan R, John S, et al. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA): Biosynthesis, role, commercial production, and applications[J]. Studies in natural products chemistry, 2018, 57: 413-452.

[2] Sahab N R M, Subroto E, Balia R L, et al. γ-Aminobutyric acid found in fermented foods and beverages: Current trends[J]. Heliyon, 2020, 6(11): e05526.

[3] Abdou A M, Higashiguchi S, Horie K, et al. Relaxation and immunity enhancement effects of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration in humans[J]. Biofactors, 2006, 26(3): 201-208.

Tip:

Food/health food is not a drug, can not replace drugs to treat diseases. The functional description of the relevant products published in this public number is derived from the literature of academic research, not the results of the company's research, and is for reference only.

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Synceres Biotechnology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. is a high-tech company engaged in R & D and production in the field of synthetic biology. It is an incubation company of Shenzhen Advanced Technology Research Institute. It is rated as the 50 most noteworthy synthetic biological enterprises in the world by EB insight. The company mainly uses microorganisms as cell factories, with the help of engineering science concepts, through the logical design and directed evolution of genome synthesis, gene regulatory networks and signal transduction pathways, to artificially create new functional pathways or new enzymes to produce various active ingredient products. At present, more than 20 product pipelines developed by the company cover pharmaceutical intermediates, new resource foods, biological materials, plant proteins, etc., which can be widely used in biomedicine, beauty care, food and beverage, animal husbandry, chemical industry, transportation, electronics, new tobacco and many other fields.